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2011 National Household Survey: Data tables

Tabulation: Profile - Immigration and Ethnocultural Diversity, and Aboriginal Peoples for Canada, Provinces, Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, National Household Survey, 2011

Data table

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Geography Geographic index

This table details profile - immigration and ethnocultural diversity, and aboriginal peoples in Canada^{Footnote 1}
Global non-response rate (GNR)^{Footnote 2} = 26.1 %
Profile of Census Divisions/Census Subdivisions (572)	Sex (3)
Profile of Census Divisions/Census Subdivisions (572)	Total - Sex	Male	Female
Total population in private households by citizenship^{Footnote 3}	32,852,325	16,163,115	16,689,210
Canadian citizens	30,895,310	15,232,595	15,662,710
Canadian citizens aged under 18	6,576,425	3,381,280	3,195,140
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	24,318,885	11,851,320	12,467,565
Not Canadian citizens^{Footnote 4}	1,957,015	930,520	1,026,495
Total population in private households by immigrant status and period of immigration^{Footnote 5}	32,852,320	16,163,110	16,689,210
Non-immigrants^{Footnote 6}	25,720,175	12,753,235	12,966,935
Immigrants^{Footnote 7}	6,775,765	3,231,370	3,544,400
Before 1971	1,261,055	605,430	655,625
1971 to 1980	870,775	416,670	454,105
1981 to 1990	949,890	454,570	495,325
1991 to 2000	1,539,050	724,905	814,145
2001 to 2011^{Footnote 8}	2,154,990	1,029,790	1,125,200
2001 to 2005	992,070	474,545	517,530
2006 to 2011^{Footnote 9}	1,162,915	555,245	607,670
Non-permanent residents^{Footnote 10}	356,385	178,515	177,870
Total immigrant population in private households by age at immigration^{Footnote 11}	6,775,765	3,231,365	3,544,400
Under 5 years	671,795	332,650	339,145
5 to 14 years	1,186,050	601,430	584,620
15 to 24 years	1,540,430	698,480	841,950
25 to 44 years	2,767,110	1,320,925	1,446,185
45 years and over	610,385	277,885	332,500
Total population in private households by immigrant status and selected places of birth^{Footnote 12}	32,852,320	16,163,110	16,689,210
Non-immigrants^{Footnote 13}	25,720,170	12,753,235	12,966,940
Born in province of residence	21,853,870	10,848,700	11,005,170
Born outside province of residence	3,866,305	1,904,535	1,961,770
Immigrants^{Footnote 14}	6,775,765	3,231,365	3,544,400
Americas	1,060,230	478,150	582,085
United States	263,475	117,035	146,440
Jamaica	126,035	52,655	73,380
Guyana	87,945	39,105	48,840
Haiti	80,100	34,785	45,310
Mexico	69,695	32,760	36,930
Trinidad and Tobago	67,205	30,150	37,055
Colombia	60,555	28,555	32,000
El Salvador	43,655	21,995	21,660
Peru	26,715	11,745	14,965
Chile	25,195	12,395	12,800
Other places of birth in Americas	209,665	96,975	112,690
Europe	2,127,785	1,033,830	1,093,955
United Kingdom^{Footnote 15}	537,040	257,285	279,755
Italy	256,825	129,970	126,855
Germany	152,345	72,335	80,010
Poland	152,290	68,855	83,435
Portugal	138,520	67,895	70,625
Netherlands	98,510	50,200	48,315
France	90,440	46,900	43,540
Romania	82,595	39,635	42,955
Russian Federation	73,030	32,945	40,080
Greece	66,475	34,090	32,385
Ukraine	65,455	29,340	36,115
Croatia	40,010	19,475	20,540
Hungary	38,985	19,190	19,790
Bosnia and Herzegovina	35,885	18,290	17,595
Serbia	32,600	15,780	16,820
Ireland, Republic of	28,040	13,485	14,555
Other places of birth in Europe	238,740	118,170	120,565
Africa	492,030	251,025	241,000
Morocco	56,275	29,560	26,715
Algeria	51,085	27,350	23,735
Egypt	49,935	26,630	23,305
South Africa, Republic of	40,550	20,075	20,480
Nigeria	27,625	14,520	13,105
Ethiopia	24,535	11,840	12,695
Kenya	24,510	11,485	13,030
Other places of birth in Africa	217,510	109,565	107,940
Asia	3,041,105	1,441,670	1,599,430
India	547,890	271,490	276,395
China^{Footnote 16}	545,535	247,815	297,715
Philippines	454,340	190,120	264,220
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region	205,430	97,005	108,420
Viet Nam^{Footnote 17}	165,125	77,945	87,180
Pakistan	156,860	80,410	76,450
Sri Lanka	132,130	65,655	66,475
Iran^{Footnote 18}	120,685	61,780	58,905
Korea, South^{Footnote 19}	112,400	52,815	59,585
Lebanon	81,105	43,415	37,695
Taiwan	66,455	30,560	35,900
Iraq	49,515	25,635	23,885
Bangladesh	45,320	23,410	21,915
Afghanistan	40,945	20,650	20,290
Japan	25,805	8,000	17,805
Turkey	25,275	13,420	11,855
Other places of birth in Asia	266,285	131,540	134,745
Oceania and other^{Footnote 20}	54,625	26,690	27,935
Fiji	24,290	11,415	12,875
Other places of birth^{Footnote 21}	30,330	15,275	15,055
Non-permanent residents^{Footnote 22}	356,385	178,510	177,870
Total recent immigrant population in private households by selected places of birth^{Footnote 23}	1,162,915	555,250	607,670
Americas	188,730	90,345	98,380
United States	45,015	22,225	22,790
Mexico	22,310	10,740	11,570
Cuba	5,555	2,910	2,645
Haiti	19,305	8,690	10,615
Jamaica	9,800	4,775	5,035
Brazil	9,540	4,460	5,075
Colombia	27,555	13,255	14,300
Guyana	6,010	2,585	3,425
Peru	6,410	2,735	3,675
Venezuela^{Footnote 24}	6,185	2,995	3,190
Other places of birth in Americas	31,045	14,980	16,065
Europe	159,750	79,565	80,180
France	20,380	10,745	9,640
Germany	10,455	5,255	5,205
Poland	5,365	1,995	3,375
Romania	13,370	6,145	7,220
Moldova^{Footnote 25}	6,570	3,255	3,315
Russian Federation	17,100	7,680	9,415
Ukraine	12,385	5,465	6,925
United Kingdom^{Footnote 26}	32,965	18,320	14,645
Other places of birth in Europe	41,160	20,710	20,450
Africa	145,725	73,470	72,250
Nigeria	13,035	6,695	6,345
Ethiopia	6,595	3,055	3,535
Mauritius	4,195	2,070	2,120
Somalia	4,315	2,040	2,270
Algeria	21,240	10,560	10,675
Egypt	11,105	5,865	5,240
Morocco	20,295	10,240	10,055
Tunisia	4,755	2,865	1,895
Cameroon	5,425	2,780	2,645
Congo, The Democratic Republic of the	5,865	2,720	3,150
South Africa, Republic of	5,660	2,730	2,930
Other places of birth in Africa	43,230	21,845	21,385
Asia	661,570	307,935	353,635
Philippines	152,270	66,980	85,285
China^{Footnote 27}	122,090	54,290	67,800
India	121,415	60,075	61,345
Pakistan	35,040	16,890	18,155
Iran^{Footnote 28}	30,295	14,865	15,425
South Korea^{Footnote 29}	27,665	12,720	14,945
Sri Lanka	21,430	10,175	11,260
Iraq	16,915	8,365	8,550
Bangladesh	14,110	7,050	7,060
Lebanon	12,420	6,640	5,780
Viet Nam^{Footnote 30}	11,275	4,235	7,045
Taiwan	9,295	4,255	5,040
Afghanistan	8,425	4,325	4,100
Japan	6,385	1,660	4,720
Turkey	5,855	3,110	2,745
Israel	5,230	2,610	2,625
Nepal	5,210	2,725	2,490
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region	4,805	1,940	2,865
United Arab Emirates	4,800	2,440	2,355
Saudi Arabia	4,345	2,440	1,900
Syria^{Footnote 31}	4,150	2,145	2,005
Other places of birth in Asia	38,140	18,005	20,140
Oceania and other^{Footnote 32}	7,150	3,930	3,215
Total population in private households by generation status^{Footnote 33}	32,852,320	16,163,115	16,689,210
First generation^{Footnote 34}	7,217,295	3,454,225	3,763,070
Second generation^{Footnote 35}	5,702,725	2,840,860	2,861,860
Third generation or more^{Footnote 36}	19,932,300	9,868,025	10,064,275
Total population in private households by visible minority	32,852,320	16,163,110	16,689,210
Total visible minority population^{Footnote 37}	6,264,750	3,043,010	3,221,745
South Asian^{Footnote 38}	1,567,400	790,755	776,650
Chinese	1,324,750	632,325	692,420
Black	945,665	453,005	492,660
Filipino	619,310	268,885	350,425
Latin American	381,280	186,355	194,925
Arab	380,620	203,485	177,140
Southeast Asian^{Footnote 39}	312,075	154,035	158,045
West Asian^{Footnote 40}	206,840	105,620	101,220
Korean	161,130	77,165	83,965
Japanese	87,270	38,270	48,990
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Footnote 41}	106,475	49,770	56,705
Multiple visible minorities^{Footnote 42}	171,935	83,335	88,600
Not a visible minority^{Footnote 43}	26,587,575	13,120,105	13,467,465
Total population in private households by ethnic origins^{Footnote 44}	32,852,325	16,163,110	16,689,210
North American Aboriginal origins	1,836,035	885,675	950,360
First Nations (North American Indian)	1,369,115	658,050	711,065
Inuit	72,615	35,895	36,720
Métis	447,655	217,405	230,250
Other North American origins	11,070,455	5,462,685	5,607,770
Acadian	115,900	56,435	59,460
American	372,575	179,465	193,115
Canadian	10,563,805	5,214,090	5,349,715
New Brunswicker	1,895	860	1,040
Newfoundlander	22,035	11,580	10,460
Nova Scotian	2,845	1,400	1,445
Ontarian	3,860	1,800	2,065
Québécois	193,885	97,450	96,430
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 45}	4,050	2,010	2,040
European origins	20,157,965	9,913,150	10,244,820
British Isles origins	11,343,705	5,531,110	5,812,600
Channel Islander	3,325	1,740	1,590
Cornish	1,765	1,005	750
English	6,509,500	3,159,130	3,350,365
Irish	4,544,865	2,155,710	2,389,160
Manx	4,730	2,410	2,315
Scottish	4,714,965	2,284,200	2,430,770
Welsh	458,705	219,565	239,135
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 46}	576,030	275,345	300,685
French origins	5,077,215	2,476,125	2,601,090
Alsatian	2,700	1,280	1,420
Breton	14,290	7,105	7,190
French	5,065,690	2,470,555	2,595,130
Western European origins (except French origins)	4,439,950	2,179,305	2,260,650
Austrian	197,990	97,350	100,640
Belgian	176,620	87,360	89,260
Dutch	1,067,245	526,105	541,140
Flemish	13,840	6,880	6,970
Frisian	5,055	2,715	2,335
German	3,203,325	1,568,295	1,635,030
Luxembourger	3,790	1,915	1,875
Swiss	146,830	72,895	73,935
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 47}	2,740	1,380	1,355
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	1,164,425	562,395	602,035
Danish	203,080	98,545	104,535
Finnish	136,215	65,325	70,890
Icelandic	94,210	46,140	48,065
Norwegian	452,710	220,440	232,270
Swedish	341,845	160,560	181,280
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 48}	43,070	21,650	21,415
Eastern European origins	3,142,775	1,532,520	1,610,250
Bulgarian	30,485	14,965	15,520
Byelorussian	15,565	7,240	8,320
Czech	94,805	46,650	48,150
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.	40,030	18,980	21,055
Estonian	23,185	10,575	12,610
Hungarian	316,760	156,285	160,480
Latvian	27,355	13,310	14,040
Lithuanian	49,130	24,420	24,710
Moldovan	8,055	4,095	3,960
Polish	1,010,700	488,180	522,525
Romanian	204,630	99,560	105,070
Russian	550,515	264,370	286,145
Slovak	66,545	32,700	33,845
Ukrainian	1,251,170	610,890	640,275
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 49}	11,330	5,665	5,665
Southern European origins	2,798,395	1,391,820	1,406,575
Albanian	28,270	14,520	13,745
Bosnian	22,915	11,610	11,310
Croatian	114,880	57,845	57,030
Cypriot	4,820	2,240	2,580
Greek	252,955	129,805	123,160
Italian	1,488,420	744,730	743,695
Kosovar	2,765	1,365	1,400
Macedonian	36,985	18,740	18,250
Maltese	38,780	19,555	19,230
Montenegrin	2,970	1,555	1,415
Portuguese	429,850	213,330	216,525
Serbian	80,320	40,660	39,655
Sicilian	5,980	3,130	2,845
Slovenian	37,175	18,400	18,775
Spanish	368,305	173,590	194,715
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.	48,320	23,685	24,635
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 50}	965	450	520
Other European origins	371,710	187,060	184,650
Basque	5,565	2,970	2,600
Jewish	309,650	154,375	155,275
Roma (Gypsy)	5,255	2,495	2,760
Slavic, n.o.s.	4,660	2,445	2,220
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 51}	48,765	25,990	22,770
Caribbean origins	627,590	291,640	335,945
Antiguan	3,630	1,925	1,705
Bahamian	2,505	1,395	1,110
Barbadian	34,340	15,660	18,680
Bermudan	2,765	1,290	1,475
Carib	3,295	1,365	1,930
Cuban	21,440	10,500	10,940
Dominican	16,715	8,055	8,660
Grenadian	14,890	6,605	8,280
Haitian	137,995	63,915	74,075
Jamaican	256,915	119,275	137,640
Kittitian/Nevisian	2,225	925	1,300
Martinican	1,415	765	655
Montserratan	825	440	380
Puerto Rican	2,340	1,170	1,175
St. Lucian	6,645	2,700	3,945
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	68,230	32,665	35,560
Vincentian/Grenadinian	14,180	6,135	8,045
West Indian, n.o.s.	56,650	25,820	30,835
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 52}	21,960	10,025	11,930
Latin, Central and South American origins	544,375	264,635	279,740
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Maya)	16,685	7,875	8,810
Argentinian	16,910	8,375	8,540
Belizean	1,125	525	600
Bolivian	3,780	1,795	1,985
Brazilian	25,395	12,520	12,875
Chilean	38,135	18,835	19,305
Colombian	76,580	37,050	39,530
Costa Rican	5,340	2,555	2,780
Ecuadorian	20,115	9,640	10,475
Guatemalan	20,765	10,555	10,215
Guyanese	75,350	35,065	40,280
Hispanic	6,495	3,025	3,470
Honduran	8,720	4,210	4,510
Maya	4,695	2,425	2,270
Mexican	96,055	47,900	48,160
Nicaraguan	11,445	5,570	5,875
Panamanian	3,650	1,675	1,975
Paraguayan	3,425	1,775	1,650
Peruvian	34,385	15,855	18,530
Salvadorean	63,965	32,160	31,805
Uruguayan	5,500	2,760	2,735
Venezuelan	18,165	8,520	9,645
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 53}	19,985	9,950	10,035
African origins	766,735	387,360	379,380
Central and West African origins	142,780	73,680	69,100
Akan	1,065	600	470
Angolan	1,925	950	975
Ashanti	985	505	480
Beninese	2,665	1,455	1,205
Burkinabe	1,380	710	675
Cameroonian	10,555	5,525	5,020
Chadian	1,070	560	510
Congolese	24,965	11,975	12,990
Gabonese	1,105	560	540
Gambian	595	335	260
Ghanaian	29,355	14,965	14,385
Guinean	4,835	2,455	2,380
Ibo	2,795	1,475	1,320
Ivorian	5,200	2,865	2,335
Liberian	1,695	940	755
Malian	2,530	1,200	1,330
Nigerian	31,735	16,655	15,075
Peulh	1,370	715	655
Senegalese	6,335	3,345	2,990
Sierra Leonean	1,820	940	875
Togolese	3,115	1,775	1,335
Yoruba	5,340	2,875	2,465
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 54}	11,390	5,960	5,435
North African origins	252,055	132,630	119,415
Algerian	49,110	25,695	23,415
Berber	25,880	14,270	11,615
Coptic	3,570	1,795	1,770
Dinka	715	450	265
Egyptian	73,250	38,210	35,040
Libyan	5,510	2,965	2,550
Maure	1,040	605	430
Moroccan	71,915	36,640	35,270
Sudanese	16,595	8,785	7,810
Tunisian	15,130	8,750	6,375
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 55}	2,875	1,635	1,245
Southern and East African origins	187,140	91,065	96,075
Afrikaner	1,945	970	975
Amhara	1,305	720	585
Bantu, n.o.s.	1,825	945	880
Burundian	7,395	3,755	3,640
Eritrean	13,430	6,535	6,895
Ethiopian	30,810	15,135	15,670
Harari	675	265	415
Kenyan	8,060	3,820	4,235
Malagasy	2,925	1,465	1,455
Mauritian	6,695	3,015	3,680
Oromo	1,825	995	835
Rwandan	8,100	3,795	4,310
Seychellois	1,035	495	540
Somali	44,995	21,330	23,665
South African	34,000	16,875	17,130
Tanzanian	4,065	1,975	2,090
Tigrian	1,005	545	455
Ugandan	4,535	2,205	2,335
Zambian	1,425	695	730
Zimbabwean	6,425	3,130	3,300
Zulu	840	470	370
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 56}	14,510	7,200	7,310
Other African origins	199,900	97,980	101,920
Black, n.o.s.^{Footnote 57}	25,150	11,595	13,555
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 58}	177,190	87,605	89,585
Asian origins	5,011,225	2,435,540	2,575,680
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	778,470	402,825	375,640
Afghan	62,815	31,640	31,175
Arab, n.o.s.	94,640	52,235	42,405
Armenian	55,745	28,040	27,700
Assyrian	10,815	5,630	5,180
Azerbaijani	4,580	2,450	2,130
Georgian	3,155	1,530	1,625
Iranian	163,290	83,495	79,800
Iraqi	49,680	25,245	24,435
Israeli	15,015	7,330	7,685
Jordanian	9,425	5,050	4,370
Kazakh	2,265	1,095	1,175
Kurd	11,680	6,295	5,385
Kuwaiti	2,240	1,090	1,150
Lebanese	190,275	97,840	92,435
Palestinian	31,245	16,530	14,720
Pashtun	3,315	1,715	1,595
Saudi Arabian	7,955	4,680	3,275
Syrian	40,840	20,575	20,265
Tajik	2,395	1,150	1,245
Tatar	2,850	1,370	1,485
Turk	55,435	28,675	26,755
Uighur	1,155	540	615
Uzbek	2,720	1,305	1,420
Yemeni	3,945	2,080	1,865
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 59}	16,540	9,095	7,440
South Asian origins	1,615,920	812,980	802,940
Bangladeshi	34,205	17,535	16,670
Bengali	17,960	9,220	8,740
East Indian^{Footnote 60}	1,165,145	584,245	580,900
Goan	5,125	2,435	2,690
Gujarati	5,890	2,890	3,000
Kashmiri	2,120	1,105	1,020
Nepali	9,785	5,020	4,770
Pakistani	155,310	80,440	74,870
Punjabi	76,150	39,045	37,105
Sinhalese	7,220	3,635	3,585
Sri Lankan	139,415	69,625	69,795
Tamil	48,965	24,915	24,045
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 61}	53,390	26,925	26,465
East and Southeast Asian origins	2,650,000	1,236,405	1,413,595
Burmese	7,850	3,770	4,075
Cambodian (Khmer)	34,340	16,990	17,345
Chinese	1,487,580	708,975	778,605
Filipino	662,605	289,055	373,550
Hmong	830	430	400
Indonesian	18,125	8,655	9,475
Japanese	109,740	49,155	60,590
Korean	168,890	80,525	88,360
Laotian	22,090	11,070	11,020
Malaysian	14,165	6,490	7,680
Mongolian	5,350	2,605	2,750
Singaporean	2,045	1,000	1,050
Taiwanese	30,335	14,305	16,025
Thai	15,080	6,145	8,935
Tibetan	5,820	2,915	2,905
Vietnamese	220,420	107,010	113,415
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 62}	9,040	4,410	4,635
Other Asian origins	20,115	10,140	9,975
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 63}	20,115	10,140	9,975
Oceania origins	74,875	37,490	37,385
Australian	36,345	18,455	17,895
New Zealander	13,890	7,000	6,890
Pacific Islands origins	25,740	12,570	13,175
Fijian	17,815	8,730	9,085
Hawaiian	3,135	1,465	1,665
Maori	2,015	915	1,100
Polynesian, n.o.s.	860	445	420
Samoan	820	515	305
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Footnote 64}	1,550	700	850
Total population in private households by religion^{Footnote 65}	32,852,320	16,163,115	16,689,210
Buddhist	366,830	168,465	198,365
Christian	22,102,745	10,497,775	11,604,975
Anglican	1,631,845	752,945	878,900
Baptist	635,840	293,905	341,940
Catholic	12,810,705	6,167,290	6,643,415
Christian Orthodox	550,690	270,205	280,485
Lutheran	478,185	221,525	256,660
Pentecostal	478,705	217,850	260,850
Presbyterian	472,385	218,955	253,430
United Church	2,007,610	912,545	1,095,065
Other Christian	3,036,780	1,442,550	1,594,230
Hindu	497,965	250,435	247,525
Jewish	329,495	161,265	168,235
Muslim	1,053,945	540,555	513,395
Sikh	454,965	229,435	225,530
Traditional (Aboriginal) Spirituality	64,935	31,805	33,135
Other religions	130,835	57,745	73,090
No religious affiliation	7,850,605	4,225,645	3,624,965
Total population in private households by Aboriginal identity	32,852,325	16,163,110	16,689,210
Aboriginal identity^{Footnote 66}	1,400,685	682,190	718,500
First Nations (North American Indian) single identity^{Footnote 67}	851,560	411,785	439,775
Métis single identity	451,795	223,335	228,460
Inuk (Inuit) single identity	59,440	29,495	29,950
Multiple Aboriginal identities^{Footnote 68}	11,415	5,525	5,890
Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere^{Footnote 69}	26,475	12,055	14,420
Non-Aboriginal identity	31,451,640	15,480,920	15,970,715
Total population in private households by Registered or Treaty Indian status^{Footnote 70}	32,852,325	16,163,110	16,689,210
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Footnote 71}	697,505	337,410	360,095
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	32,154,815	15,825,700	16,329,115
Total population in private households by Aboriginal ancestry^{Footnote 72}	32,852,325	16,163,115	16,689,210
Aboriginal ancestry^{Footnote 73}	1,836,035	885,675	950,360
First Nations (North American Indian) Aboriginal ancestry^{Footnote 74}	1,369,115	658,055	711,065
Métis ancestry	447,655	217,400	230,250
Inuit ancestry	72,615	35,895	36,720
Non-Aboriginal ancestry only^{Footnote 75}	31,016,285	15,277,440	15,738,850
Total population in private households by non-official languages spoken^{Footnote 76}	8,165,495	3,923,340	4,242,155
Aboriginal languages	245,115	119,650	125,470
Algonquin	2,395	1,130	1,270
Atikamekw	6,205	3,255	2,950
Blackfoot	4,395	2,155	2,245
Cree languages^{Footnote 77}	96,690	47,240	49,450
Mi'kmaq	8,930	4,295	4,635
Innu/Montagnais	11,450	5,550	5,900
Ojibway	25,160	11,985	13,180
Oji-Cree	10,180	4,990	5,195
Carrier	2,010	980	1,030
Dene	12,950	6,415	6,530
Tlicho (Dogrib)	2,385	1,165	1,220
Slavey, n.o.s.	1,815	920	900
Stoney	3,495	1,690	1,810
Inuktitut	36,945	18,450	18,500
Other Aboriginal languages^{Footnote 78}	23,460	10,990	12,470
Non-Aboriginal languages	7,922,260	3,804,700	4,117,565
Italian	595,600	290,895	304,705
Portuguese	266,950	131,440	135,510
Romanian	97,180	47,160	50,020
Spanish	873,395	406,290	467,105
Dutch	135,085	65,120	69,965
Flemish	5,620	2,420	3,205
German	525,480	257,855	267,630
Yiddish	23,750	11,655	12,090
Danish	18,165	9,075	9,085
Norwegian	8,895	4,265	4,630
Swedish	14,005	6,195	7,805
Afrikaans	21,870	10,890	10,985
Gaelic languages	7,195	3,470	3,725
Bosnian	14,280	7,125	7,155
Bulgarian	20,150	10,050	10,095
Croatian	63,445	31,450	31,990
Czech	26,640	12,685	13,960
Macedonian	22,130	10,640	11,490
Polish	217,735	100,485	117,255
Russian	230,755	109,665	121,095
Serbian	65,335	32,645	32,685
Serbo-Croatian	11,640	5,765	5,875
Slovak	19,030	8,840	10,180
Slovenian	12,290	5,645	6,645
Ukrainian	144,260	65,090	79,175
Latvian	6,955	3,165	3,790
Lithuanian	8,360	3,905	4,455
Greek	150,620	76,470	74,150
Armenian	36,235	17,935	18,305
Albanian	25,675	12,960	12,715
Estonian	6,780	2,825	3,955
Finnish	18,320	7,635	10,690
Hungarian	73,695	35,320	38,375
Turkish	44,080	23,435	20,640
Berber languages (Kabyle)	7,430	4,105	3,330
Oromo	14,195	7,680	6,520
Somali	37,115	16,995	20,120
Amharic	24,285	11,960	12,330
Arabic	470,965	249,480	221,485
Hebrew	70,695	36,145	34,545
Maltese	7,550	3,785	3,760
Tigrigna	11,280	5,485	5,800
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	19,975	9,865	10,115
Bengali	69,490	35,910	33,585
Gujarati	118,950	58,755	60,195
Hindi	335,420	170,950	164,470
Konkani	5,785	2,770	3,010
Marathi	9,695	4,870	4,820
Panjabi (Punjabi)	545,730	276,725	269,005
Sindhi	15,525	7,210	8,315
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	23,965	12,340	11,630
Urdu	240,745	123,925	116,815
Nepali	11,450	5,905	5,550
Kurdish	11,815	6,360	5,455
Pashto	16,515	8,755	7,755
Persian (Farsi)	196,110	99,825	96,285
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	8,615	4,390	4,220
Kannada	5,210	2,715	2,490
Malayalam	22,125	11,545	10,585
Tamil	179,465	89,375	90,090
Telugu	12,645	6,500	6,140
Japanese	74,690	33,185	41,505
Korean	149,035	70,450	78,590
Cantonese	472,510	221,165	251,350
Fukien	6,610	3,020	3,595
Hakka	5,345	2,385	2,965
Mandarin	378,605	176,360	202,245
Taiwanese	15,375	6,965	8,405
Chinese, n.o.s.	419,060	199,785	219,275
Lao	17,800	8,875	8,925
Thai	13,540	5,620	7,925
Khmer (Cambodian)	26,580	12,910	13,670
Vietnamese	192,070	91,755	100,315
Bisayan languages	19,690	7,880	11,810
Ilocano	21,880	8,465	13,410
Malay	20,715	9,870	10,850
Tagalog (Pilipino,Filipino)	491,075	200,365	290,705
Akan (Twi)	19,140	9,100	10,045
Lingala	12,185	5,705	6,475
Rundi (Kirundi)	5,860	2,875	2,980
Rwanda (Kinyarwanda)	5,525	2,425	3,100
Swahili	31,690	15,785	15,910
Bantu languages, n.i.e.	13,470	6,675	6,795
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	29,240	15,060	14,180
African languages, n.i.e.	14,135	7,660	6,480
Creoles	128,555	58,475	70,090
Other non-Aboriginal languages^{Footnote 79}	133,190	62,175	71,020

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

...

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

Excludes National Household Survey data for one or more incompletely enumerated Indian reserves or Indian settlements.

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Footnote 2

For the 2011 National Household Survey (NHS) estimates, the global non-response rate (GNR) is used as an indicator of data quality. This indicator combines complete non-response (household) and partial non-response (question) into a single rate. The value of the GNR is presented to users. A smaller GNR indicates a lower risk of non-response bias and as a result, lower risk of inaccuracy. The threshold used for estimates' suppression is a GNR of 50% or more. For more information, please refer to the National Household Survey User Guide, 2011.

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Footnote 3

Citizenship refers to the legal citizenship status of a person. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship.

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Footnote 4

Includes persons who are stateless.

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Footnote 5

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained his or her landed immigrant/permanent resident status. A landed immigrant/permanent resident refers to a person who has been granted the right to live permanently in Canada by immigration authorities.

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Footnote 6

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

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Footnote 7

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

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Footnote 8

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

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Footnote 9

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

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Footnote 10

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit, or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 11

Age at immigration refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant/permanent resident status. Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live permanently in Canada by immigration authorities.

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Footnote 12

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

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Footnote 13

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

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Footnote 14

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Footnote 15

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 16

China excludes Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Macao Special Administrative Region.

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Footnote 17

The official name of Viet Nam is Socialist Republic of Viet Nam.

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Footnote 18

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 19

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 20

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 21

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 22

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit, or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 23

Recent immigrants are immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 2006 and May 10, 2011.

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

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Footnote 24

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 25

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 26

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Footnote 27

China excludes Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Macao Special Administrative Region.

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Footnote 28

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 29

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 30

The official name of Viet Nam is Socialist Republic of Viet Nam.

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Footnote 31

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 32

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 33

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada. It identifies persons as being first generation, second generation or third generation or more.

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Footnote 34

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or have ever been, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 35

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 36

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 37

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 38

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan,' etc.

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Footnote 39

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Malaysian,' 'Laotian,' etc.

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Footnote 40

For example, 'Iranian,' 'Afghan,' etc.

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Footnote 41

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes respondents who reported a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 42

Includes respondents who reported more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in circles, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 43

Includes respondents who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal identity question (Question 18) as well as respondents who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 44

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the NHS.

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Footnote 45

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer,' 'Manitoban').

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Footnote 46

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 47

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 48

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 49

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 50

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 51

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 52

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Guadelupian,' 'Aruban').

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Footnote 53

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 54

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Ewe,' 'Wolof').

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Footnote 55

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 56

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 57

Some respondents may choose to provide very specific ethnic origins in the National Household Survey (NHS), while other respondents may choose to give more general responses. This means that two respondents with the same ethnic ancestry could have different response patterns and thus could be counted as having different ethnic origins. For example, one respondent may report 'East Indian' ethnic origin while another respondent, with a similar ancestral background, may report 'Punjabi' or 'South Asian' origins; one respondent may report 'Black' while another, similar respondent, may report 'Ghanaian' or 'African.' As a result, ethnic origin data are very fluid, and counts for certain origins, such as 'East Indian' and 'Black,' may seem lower than initially expected. Users who wish to obtain broader response counts may wish to combine data for one or more ethnic origins together or use counts for ethnic categories such as 'South Asian origins' or 'African origins.' (Please note, however, that 'African origins' should not be considered equivalent to the 'Black' population group or visible minority status, as there are persons reporting African origins who report a population group or visible minority status other than 'Black.' Conversely, many people report a population group or visible minority status of 'Black' and do not report having 'African' origins. For information on population group and visible minority population in the 2011 NHS, refer to the appropriate definitions in this publication.)

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Footnote 58

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 59

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 60

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Footnote 61

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bhutanese').

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Footnote 62

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian,' 'Karen').

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Footnote 63

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 64

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 65

Religion refers to the person's self-identification as having a connection or affiliation with any religious denomination, group, body, sect, cult or other religiously defined community or system of belief. Religion is not limited to formal membership in a religious organization or group. Persons without a religious connection or affiliation can self-identify as atheist, agnostic or humanist, or can provide another applicable response.

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Footnote 66

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who reported being an Aboriginal person, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who reported Registered or Treaty Indian status, that is registered under the Indian Act of Canada, and/or those who reported membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 67

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey (NHS), 2011.

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Footnote 68

'Multiple Aboriginal identities' includes persons who reported being any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 69

'Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere' includes persons who did not report being First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who did report Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 70

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Footnote 71

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian.
'Registered or Treaty Indian' includes persons who reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian in Question 20. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 72

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ancestries in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ancestry (ethnic origin) in the NHS.

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Footnote 73

'Aboriginal ancestry' includes persons who reported one or more than one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry in Question 17, either with or without also reporting a non-Aboriginal ancestry. The sum of the categories 'First Nations (North American Indian) ancestry', 'Métis ancestry' and 'Inuit ancestry' is thus greater than the sum of the total for 'Aboriginal ancestry' because persons who reported more than one Aboriginal ancestry are included in the response category for each Aboriginal ancestry they reported. All respondents with Aboriginal ancestry are counted in at least one of the categories 'First Nations (North American Indian) ancestry,' 'Métis ancestry' and 'Inuit ancestry' and also in the category 'Aboriginal ancestry.'

Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the respondent's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

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Footnote 74

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Footnote 75

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry only' includes persons who did not report First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry in Question 17.

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Footnote 76

Refers to languages, other than English or French, in which the respondent can conduct a conversation. The category 'Non-official languages spoken' represents the sum of single language responses and multiple language responses received in the NHS. Hence, this total is greater than the total population.

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Footnote 77

Cree languages include the following categories: Cree not otherwise specified (which refers to those who reported 'Cree'), Swampy Cree, Plains Cree, Woods Cree, and a category labelled 'Cree not included elsewhere' (which includes Moose Cree, Northern East Cree and Southern East Cree).

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Footnote 78

This is a subtotal of all Aboriginal languages collected on May 10, 2011 that are not displayed separately here.

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Footnote 79

This is a subtotal of all non-Aboriginal languages, other than English or French, collected on May 10, 2011 that are not displayed separately here.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2011 National Household Survey, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 99-010-X2011016.

Date modified:: 2019-01-23

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